27 Nov 2017 The composition information and weight percent of minerals are listed in Table 1. C7 oil shale sample was composed mainly of quartz (19.01%) 22 Sep 2015 Oil shale is a sedimentary rock with minerals, kerogen, and bitumen forming the primary constituents (Razvigorova et al. 2008; Hascakir et al. 5 Feb 2013 Also methane, which is the main component of natural gas, is a potent Development of shale oil and gas has opened new sources of oil, The organic components of oil shale derive from a variety of organisms, such as the remains of algae, spores, pollen, plant cuticles and corky fragments of herbaceous and woody plants, and cellular debris from other aquatic and land plants. Commercial grades of oil shale, as determined by their yield of shale oil, ranges from about 100 to 200 liters per metric ton (l/t) of rock. The U.S. Geological Survey has used a lower limit of about 40 l/t for classification of Federal oil-shale lands. Others have suggested a limit as low as 25 l/t.
Water- or oil-filled; NOT gas. (For all these measurements) PhiESwe PhiESwt PhiE (1 - Swe) PhiT (1 - Swt) Effective porosity, PhiE Total porosity, PhiT Water - filled porosity dry clay CBW Vshale V. wet shale V. dry shale Component definitions Porosity Measurements solid matrix porosity n - e s n-v. moveable fluids s grains porosity t y OH r hydrocarbons l HC-r water Shale consists of at least 30 percent clay, with varying amounts of quartz, feldspar, carbonates, iron oxides, and organic matter. Oil shale or bituminous also contains kerogen , a mixture of hydrocarbons from deceased plants and animals.
The basic constituents of oil shales may be grouped as follows: 1. Inorganic components (<90%) 4 Mar 2013 It is burned to generate electricity, is a component in chemical industries, and byproducts are used in cement production. Extracting Shale Oil.
Compositions of oil shale gas depends of retorted oil shale and exploited technology. Typical components of oil shale gas are usually methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and different hydrocarbons like ethylene. It may also consist of hydrogen sulfide and other impurities. Water- or oil-filled; NOT gas. (For all these measurements) PhiESwe PhiESwt PhiE (1 - Swe) PhiT (1 - Swt) Effective porosity, PhiE Total porosity, PhiT Water - filled porosity dry clay CBW Vshale V. wet shale V. dry shale Component definitions Porosity Measurements solid matrix porosity n - e s n-v. moveable fluids s grains porosity t y OH r hydrocarbons l HC-r water Shale consists of at least 30 percent clay, with varying amounts of quartz, feldspar, carbonates, iron oxides, and organic matter. Oil shale or bituminous also contains kerogen , a mixture of hydrocarbons from deceased plants and animals. Oil shale usually meets the definition of "shale" in that it is "a laminated rock consisting of at least 67% clay minerals.". However, it sometimes contains enough organic material and carbonate minerals that clay minerals account for less than 67% of the rock. Oil shale is essentially rock that contains solid bits of kerogen, a precursor to oil. All oil is from organic matter that is subjected to intense heat and pressure until it breaks down into Oil shale is the rock from which shale oil is extract ed. Shale oil is similar to petroleum, and can be refined into many different substances, including diesel fuel, gasoline, and liquid petroleum gas ( LPG ). Companies can also refine shale oil to produce other commercial products, such as ammonia and sulfur. The liquid oil extracted from oil shale, once it is upgraded, creates a type of synthetic crude oil that is commonly referred to as shale oil. Oil produced from oil shales has potential commercial value in some of the same markets served by conventional crude oil , as it can be refined into products ranging from diesel fuel to gasoline (petrol) to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
Commercial grades of oil shale, as determined by their yield of shale oil, ranges from about 100 to 200 liters per metric ton (l/t) of rock. The U.S. Geological Survey has used a lower limit of about 40 l/t for classification of Federal oil-shale lands. Others have suggested a limit as low as 25 l/t. Oil shale, any sedimentary rock containing various amounts of solid organic material that yields petroleum products, along with a variety of solid by-products, when subjected to pyrolysis—a treatment that consists of heating the rock to above 300 °C (about 575 °F) in the absence of oxygen. Oil shale refers to a type of crude oil that can be refined from sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock, because it is made by compression, can contain a variety of different things including organic matter. The organic matter in sedimentary rock is referred to as kerogen. Kerogen itself is usually formed from algae Shale oil is a high-quality crude oil that lies between layers of shale rock, impermeable mudstone, or siltstone. Oil companies produce shale oil by fracturing the rock formations that contain the layers of oil. Shale oil comprises more than a third of the onshore production of crude oil in the lower 48 states. Compositions of oil shale gas depends of retorted oil shale and exploited technology. Typical components of oil shale gas are usually methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and different hydrocarbons like ethylene. It may also consist of hydrogen sulfide and other impurities. Water- or oil-filled; NOT gas. (For all these measurements) PhiESwe PhiESwt PhiE (1 - Swe) PhiT (1 - Swt) Effective porosity, PhiE Total porosity, PhiT Water - filled porosity dry clay CBW Vshale V. wet shale V. dry shale Component definitions Porosity Measurements solid matrix porosity n - e s n-v. moveable fluids s grains porosity t y OH r hydrocarbons l HC-r water Shale consists of at least 30 percent clay, with varying amounts of quartz, feldspar, carbonates, iron oxides, and organic matter. Oil shale or bituminous also contains kerogen , a mixture of hydrocarbons from deceased plants and animals.